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Safety and Accuracy of 64-Slice Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography in Children After the Arterial Switch Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries

Phalla Ou, MD, PhD^_*,,_*, David S. Celermajer, MBBS, DSc, FRACP, Davide Marini, MD, Gabriella Agnoletti, MD, PhD, Pascal Vouhé, MD, PhD, Francis Brunelle, MD^_*, Kim-Hanh Le Quan Sang, MD, Jean Christophe Thalabard, MD, PhD^¶, Daniel Sidi, MD, PhD, Damien Bonnet, MD, PhD

^_* University Rene Descartes-Paris V, UFR Necker-Enfants Malades, Department of Pediatric Radiology, AP-HP, Paris, France
Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes-M3C, Université René Descartes-Paris V, UFR Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
University René Descartes-Paris V, UFR Necker-Enfants Malades, Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Genetics, AP-HP, Paris, France
^¶ MAP5, UMR CNRS 8145, Université Paris Descartes-Paris V, AP-HP, Paris, France.

^_* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Phalla Ou, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Department of Pediatric Radiology, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France. (Email: phalla.ou{at}nck.aphp.fr).

Objectives: We investigated the accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography (CT) angiography, as compared to invasive angiography, to evaluate reimplanted coronary arteries in children after arterial switch operation (ASO) for transposition of the great arteries (TGA).

Background: Assessment of the integrity of reimplanted coronary arteries is crucial for long-term outcome after ASO for TGA. Noninvasive tests have limited accuracy for detecting significant coronary lesions, and invasive coronary angiography is usually required in this setting.

Methods: One hundred thirty consecutive children, after ASO for TGA (age 5.6 ± 1.1 years), underwent conventional invasive coronary angiography and coronary CT angiography using a 64-slice scanner. The ability of CT to detect significant coronary stenoses (>30% diameter reduction) of the coronary ostia and proximal segments, and other abnormalities of the coronary arteries was analyzed by blinded comparison to the invasive coronary angiogram.

Results: The CT was fully evaluable in 126 of 130 patients (97%), allowing assessment of ostia and proximal segments of all coronary arteries. The CT correctly detected all 12 patients (9.2%) in whom invasive coronary angiography had identified significant coronary lesions, with a sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value of 100%. In addition, CT showed nonsignificant coronary lesions (<30% luminal narrowing) in 6 patients and allowed determination of the underlying reasons for coronary luminal narrowing, such as stretching or compression of the re-implanted coronary arteries caused by their anatomic relationship to the adjacent great vessels.

Conclusions: 64-slice CT coronary angiography performs as well as invasive angiography for detecting significant coronary lesions in the majority of children who have undergone the arterial switch procedure for TGA. CT also provides information on the underlying mechanism of coronary luminal narrowing.

Abbreviations and Acronyms   ASO = arterial switch operation   CT = computed tomography   TGA = transposition of the great arteries

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