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Myocardial Blood Volume Is Associated With Myocardial Oxygen Consumption

An Experimental Study With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in a Canine Model

Kyle S. McCommis, BS^_*, Haosen Zhang, PhD^_*, Thomas A. Goldstein, MS^_*, Bernd Misselwitz, PhD, Dana R. Abendschein, PhD, Robert J. Gropler, MD^_*, Jie Zheng, PhD^_*,_*

^_* Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany

^_* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Jie Zheng, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Campus Box 8225, 510 South Kingshighway Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 (Email: zhengj{at}mir.wustl.edu).

Understanding the oxygen consumption of the left ventricular myocardium provides important insight into the relationship between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. In other territories, cardiac magnetic resonance has been utilized to measure myocardial oxygen consumption with a blood level oxygen dependent (BOLD) technique. The BOLD technology requires repetitive sampling of stationary tissues and is frequently implemented in areas such as the brain. A limitation to utilizing BOLD cardiac magnetic resonance techniques in the heart has been cardiac motion. In this study, we document a methodology for acquiring BOLD images in the heart and demonstrate the utility of the technique for identifying associations between myocardial oxygen consumption and blood flow.

Key Words: cardiac magnetic resonance • myocardial blood flow • myocardial blood volume • myocardial oxygen consumption • blood oxygen level dependent

Abbreviations and Acronyms   BOLD = blood oxygen level-dependent   CMR = cardiac magnetic resonance   LAD = left anterior descending coronary artery   LCX = left circumflex coronary artery   LV = left ventricle   MBF = myocardial blood flow   MBV = myocardial blood volume   MCE = myocardial contrast echocardiography   MVO2 = myocardial oxygen consumption   OEF = oxygen extraction fraction   PET = positron emission tomography   ROI = region of interest