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J Am Coll Cardiol Img, 2008; 1:282-293, doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.01.014
© 2008 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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Correspondence Between the 17-Segment Model and Coronary Arterial Anatomy Using Contrast-Enhanced Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

José T. Ortiz-Pérez, MD2, José Rodríguez, MD2, Sheridan N. Meyers, MD, FACC, Daniel C. Lee, MD, Charles Davidson, MD, FACC, Edwin Wu, MD*,1

Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute and Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and the Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois.


Figure 1
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Figure 1 Representative Segmentation and Pattern of Contrast HE Over 17-Segments of the LAD, RCA, and LCX Arteries

A single basal, mid, apical, and 2-chamber contrast-enhanced views of 3 subjects (left panels) following an acute myocardial infarction with occlusion to the left anterior descending (LAD) artery, right coronary artery (RCA), and left circumflex (LCX) artery. The dotted yellow lines delineate and separate the 17-segments over the entire left ventricle. Bulls-eye diagrams (right) reveal the pattern of infarction for each example. CMR = cardiac magnetic resonance; HE = hyperenhancement.

 

Figure 2
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Figure 2 Patients With Unrecognized Previous Myocardial Infarction

A single representative delayed enhanced image with the corresponding findings in the catheterization lab for each of the 8 subjects is presented. The yellow arrows point out the acute infarct, and the red arrows point to the remote infarct. OM1 = obtuse marginal artery; PLT = platelet; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.

 

Figure 3
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Figure 3 Specificity of Segmental HE According to the IRA Acutely and on Follow-Up

Bulls-eye diagrams showing the distribution and specificities of CMR HE according to the infarct related artery (IRA). At baseline, only 4 segments were 100% specific for LAD occlusion and none for RCA or LCX occlusion (A). At follow-up, the basal anterolateral segment was 100% specific for LCX occlusion (B). No major changes were seen in the HE distribution between baseline and follow-up studies. Italicized numbers designate the segment number. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.

 

Figure 4
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Figure 4 Distribution of HE Due to Occlusion of the LCX Artery

Three examples that illustrate the wide variability in HE location on CMR images (left panels) and the corresponding coronary anatomy by angiography before and after PCI (right panels). Yellow arrows point out the site of the occlusion. Case 1 is a focal lateral infarction due to occlusion of a second well-developed obtuse marginal branch. Case 2 is an inferior infarction following occlusion of a distal codominant LCX artery. Case 3 is an occlusion of a large marginal branch and distal embolization of a dominant LCX artery. As a result, HE extends from the basal anterolateral wall to the basal inferoseptal territory. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.

 

Figure 5
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Figure 5 Specificity of Regional Dysfunction According to the IRA

Bulls-eye diagrams showing the extent and specificities of regional wall motion abnormalities according to the IRA. Five segments were 100% specific for LAD occlusion, but none was 100% specific for RCA or LCX occlusion. Italicized numbers designate the segment number. Abbreviations as in Figures 1 and 3.

 

Figure 6
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Figure 6 Percentage Agreement of Observed HE Within Each IRA Zone as Proposed by the AHA Segmentation

Bulls-eye diagrams illustrating the agreement of the observed CMR HE confined to each American Heart Association (AHA)-proposed coronary arterial distribution. Percent numbers equate to the percentage of times that HE was appropriately assigned to the empirical coronary artery distribution proposed by the AHA. Italicized numbers designate the segment number. Abbreviations as in Figures 1 and 3.

 

Figure 7
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Figure 7 Segmentation of Coronary Arterial Distribution

Segmentation of coronary arterial distribution within the 17-segment model as proposed by the AHA (left bulls-eye diagram) and as according to the maximum specificity of CMR HE (right bulls eye diagram). Results of this study suggest that the LAD territory in most cases supply additional segments in the apex (segments 15 and 16) and the mid-anterolateral wall (segment 12). Italicized numbers designate the segment number. Abbreviations as in Figures 1 and 6.

 




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