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Figure 8 Principles of the PISA Method of MR Quantitation
The flow convergence is indicated by the large open hemisphere observed in perspective and the jet of MR by the large arrow at the bottom. V1 is the velocity on the flow convergence hemisphere (white arrows) whereas the jet velocity is V2. The right side indicates the calculation of regurgitant flow (Flow 2) and effective regurgitant orifice area (ERO). R is the radius of the hemisphere of flow convergence. MR = mitral regurgitation; PISA = proximal isovelocity surface area.
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