JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging
Original Research
The Impact of Endurance Exercise Training on Left Ventricular Torsion
Rory B. Weiner, Adolph M. Hutter Jr., Francis Wang, Jonathan Kim, Arthur E. Weyman, Malissa J. Wood, Michael H. Picard and Aaron L. Baggish
Table 4
Table 4
Comparison of Baseline and Post-Training LV Twist Parameters
| Baseline | Post-Training | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Systolic parameter | |||
| Peak apical rotation, ° | 8.9 ± 4.2 | 12.7 ± 3.9 | 0.002 |
| Normalized⁎ peak apical rotation, °/cm | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.004 |
| Peak basal rotation, ° | −5.4 ± 1.8 | −6.0 ± 2.2 | 0.49 |
| Normalized⁎ peak basal rotation, °/cm | −0.6 ± 0.2 | −0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.62 |
| Peak LVT, ° | 14.1 ± 5.0 | 18.0 ± 3.6 | 0.002 |
| Normalized⁎ peak LVT, °/cm | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 0.007 |
| Time to peak LVT, % systole | 96.1 ± 7.4 | 95.2 ± 7.3 | 0.76 |
| Diastolic parameter | |||
| Peak apical untwisting rate, °/s | −73.9 ± 23.9 | −101.9 ± 36.9 | 0.01 |
| Normalized⁎ peak apical untwisting rate, (°/s)/cm | −8.4 ± 3.1 | −11.3 ± 4.6 | 0.02 |
| Peak basal untwisting rate, °/s | 61.3 ± 12.8 | 59.1 ± 20.2 | 0.74 |
| Normalized⁎ peak basal untwisting rate, (°/s)/cm | 6.9 ± 1.5 | 6.4 ± 2.0 | 0.49 |
| Peak UTR, °/s | −110.6 ± 41.8 | −148.0 ± 29.8 | 0.003 |
| Normalized⁎ peak UTR, (°/s)/cm | −12.6 ± 5.1 | −16.2 ± 3.7 | 0.007 |
| Time to peak UTR, % IVRT | 78.9 ± 36.4 | 91.3 ± 31.6 | 0.23 |
| % of untwisting at IVRT end, i.e., MVO | 31.2 ± 12.0 | 39.9 ± 14.9 | 0.04 |
IVRT = isovolumic relaxation time; LV = left ventricular; LVT = left ventricular torsion; MVO = mitral valve opening; UTR = untwisting rate.
↵⁎ Normalized for left ventricular (LV) length measured in the apical 4-chamber view.
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